What is one of the primary pursuits in astrophysics concerning dark matter?

Determining the mass and distribution of dark matter in the universe is crucial for understanding its role in cosmic structures and dynamics. Astrophysicists focus on how dark matter influences the gravitational forces that govern the motion of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the overall structure of the universe.

By studying the gravitational effects of dark matter, such as lensing phenomena where light from distant objects is bent, scientists can infer how much dark matter is present and where it is located. This knowledge helps in constructing models of cosmic evolution and the formation of large-scale structures. Since dark matter does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, direct observation is not possible, making the determination of its mass and distribution critical for our understanding of the universe's composition.

Other pursuits, such as understanding its chemical composition or measuring its temperature, are less relevant because dark matter remains largely unknown in these aspects; it does not interact with electromagnetic forces in a typical manner, which limits our ability to study it through traditional means. Similarly, investigating its effect on time does not align with the primary objectives of astrophysics concerning dark matter's fundamental characteristics.