What is defined as the work done when a coulomb of charge passes between two points?

The work done when a coulomb of charge passes between two points is termed as voltage. This concept refers to the electric potential difference between two points in an electric field. When a charge moves from one point to another, the work done to move that charge against an electric field is directly related to the voltage. Essentially, voltage measures how much energy is transferred per unit charge and is expressed in volts.

In a circuit, when a charge moves through a component (like a resistor or a battery), the voltage indicates how much potential energy the charge loses or gains, relative to the work done by the electric field. This is a fundamental concept in understanding electric circuits and the behavior of electrical energy.