What is a coil of wire that carries an electric current called?

A coil of wire that carries an electric current is known as a solenoid. When an electric current passes through the wire, it creates a magnetic field around the coil. This property is integral in various applications, including electromagnets, relays, and some types of electric motors, where the magnetic field can be used to exert force or induce motion.

The solenoid's design, typically consisting of multiple turns of wire, enhances its magnetic field strength compared to a single loop, making it an efficient component in electromagnetic applications. The term "solenoid" specifically refers to the configuration of the wire and its function in generating a magnetic field when energized.