In which type of circuit is the current divided into two or more paths before returning to complete the circuit?

In a parallel circuit, the current is divided among two or more paths before returning to complete the circuit. This is a fundamental characteristic of parallel circuits, where there are multiple pathways for the current to flow. Each component in a parallel configuration operates independently; if one path is interrupted or a component fails, the current can still flow through the other paths, allowing the remaining components to function.

This division of current leads to important implications such as having the same voltage across each component and the ability to calculate the total current flowing through the circuit using the individual currents through each path. Additionally, parallel circuits are commonly used in household wiring systems, where multiple appliances can operate simultaneously without affecting one another's performance.

In contrast, in a series circuit, the current flows through each component one after another, with all components requiring the same current to operate. A closed circuit refers to any circuit where current can flow, while a short circuit describes an unintended path of low resistance that allows excessive current to flow, potentially causing damage or hazards.